Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) is a description of a pattern of brain injury that can occur when an infant goes through birth trauma that causes a combination of oxygen deprivation and/or reduced blood flow. It can also be called birth asphyxia, perinatal asphyxia or neonatal encephalopathy. This brain injury can result in a number of health conditions for the baby including cerebral palsy or specific forms of epilepsy.